How to Use the Major French Verb Vouloir

Instructions to Use the Major French Verb Vouloir The French verbâ vouloir intends to need or to wish. It is one of theâ 10 most regular French verbsâ and you will utilize it the same amount of asâ avoirâ and à ªtre. It has a few distinct implications, contingent upon the strained and state of mind, and its the driving component in various colloquial articulations. Vouloirâ is additionally a sporadic action word, which implies that you should retain the conjugation since it doesnt depend on a typical example. Dont stress, however, well examine all that you have to know aboutâ vouloir. Vouloirâ and Politeness The French action word vouloir is as often as possible used to pleasantly request something in French. Je voudrais tã ©lã ©phoner sil vous plaã ®t. -  I might want to make a call, please.Voulez-vous maider, sil vous plaã ®t? -  Will you help me, please?Veux-tu tasseoir, sil te plaã ®tâ ? -  Please sit down.Voulez-vous venir avec moi?â -Do you need to accompany me? Vouloir is additionally every now and again used to obligingly expand an offer or greeting. Note that in French, it is utilized in the current demonstrative though English would utilize the current contingent. Est-ce que tu veux dã ®ner avec moi ? -  Would you like to eat with me?Voulez-vous un peu in addition to de torment ? -  Would you like somewhat more bread? At the point when somebody welcomes you to accomplish something saying, Would you like to..., your reaction ought to be similarly as inconspicuous. Noting Non, je ne veux pas (No, I dont need to.) is very solid and considered excessively obtuse. To acknowledge, we generally state, Oui, je veux bien. (Indeed, Id love to.) Here once more, we utilize the current demonstrative, not the contingent. Or then again you can simply say, Volontiers. (With joy.) To can't, its regular to apologize and afterward clarify why you can't acknowledge, utilizing the unpredictable action word devoir in the reaction. For instance, Ah, je voudrais bien, mais je ne peux pas. Je dois travailler... (Ah, Id love to, however I cant. I need to work...). Remembering Conjugations of Vouloir We will look at more implications ofâ vouloirâ in French articulations later in this exercise. First,â lets figure out how to conjugateâ vouloir. Recollect this is an unpredictable action word, so you should submit each structure to memory. This exercise can appear to be serious and it is a great deal to retain, that is the reason its best to approach it slowly and carefully. As you start, focus on the most helpful tenses, includingâ the prã ©sent, imparfait, and passã © composã © and practiceâ using them in setting. Once youve aced those, thumbs up and proceed onward to the rest. Its likewise firmly prescribed to prepare with a sound source. There are numerous contacts, elisions. also, present day glidings usedâ with French action words, and the composed structure may delude you into expecting an off base pronunciation.â Vouloirâ in the Infinitive Mood To fill in as an establishment for the conjugations ofâ vouloir, it is essential to comprehend the infinitive types of the action word. Theyre rather simple and you definitely know the current infinitive. Present Infinitive (Infinitif Prã ©sent):â vouloir Past Infinitive (Infinitif Passã ©):â avoir voulu Vouloir Conjugated in the Indicative Mood The most significant conjugations of any French action word are those in the demonstrative state of mind. These express the activity as a reality and incorporate the present, past, and future tenses. Focus on these while studyingâ vouloir . Present (Prsent)je veuxtu veuxil veutnous voulonsvous voulezils veulent Present Perfect (Pass compos)jai voulutu as vouluil a voulunous avons vouluvous avez vouluils ont voulu Flawed (Imparfait)je voulaistu voulaisil voulaitnous voulionsvous vouliezils voulaient Pluperfect (Plus-que-parfait)javais voulutu avais vouluil avait voulunous avions vouluvous aviez vouluils avaient voulu Future (Futur)je voudraitu voudrasil voudranous voudronsvous voudrezils voudront Future Perfect (Futur antrieur)jaurai voulutu emanations vouluil quality voulunous aurons vouluvous aurez vouluils auront voulu Basic Past (Pass simple)je voulustu voulusil voulutnous voulmesvous voultesils voulurent Past Anterior (Pass antrieur)jeus voulutu eus vouluil eut voulunous emes vouluvous etes vouluils eurent voulu Vouloir Conjugated in the Conditional Mood The restrictive mind-set is utilized when the action words activity is unsure. It suggests that the needing will possibly occur if certain conditions are met. The good manners related withâ vouloirâ appears again when utilizing it in the restrictive mind-set.  For model: Je voudrais du thã ©. -  I might want some tea.Voudriez-vous venir avec nousâ ? -  Would you like to accompany us? Je voudrais ceci. -  I might want this one.Je voudrais faire un enfant. -  Id like to have a kid. Present Cond. (Cond. Prsent) Past Cond. (Cond. Pass) je voudraistu voudraisil voudraitnous voudrionsvous voudriezils voudraient jaurais voulutu aurais vouluil aurait voulunous aurions vouluvous auriez vouluils auraient voulu Vouloir Conjugated in the Subjunctive Mood Like the restrictive, the subjunctive state of mind is utilized when the activity is sketchy here and there. Present Subjunctive (Subjonctif Prsent)que je veuilleque tu veuillesquil veuilleque nous voulionsque vous vouliezquils veuillent Past Subjunctive (Subjonctif Pass)que jaie vouluque tu aies vouluquil ait vouluque nous ayons vouluque vous ayez vouluquils aient voulu Subj. Defective (Subj. Imparfait)que je voulusseque tu voulussesquil voultque nous voulussionsque vous voulussiezquils voulussent Subj. Pluperfect (Subj. Additionally que-parfait)que jeusse vouluque tu eusses vouluquil et vouluque nous eussions vouluque vous eussiez vouluquils eussent voulu Vouloir Conjugated in the Imperative Mood The current basic ofâ vouloirâ is additionally used to graciously say something like, Could you please. This is minimal strange since in French we dont use can however rather utilize need. Veuillezâ mexcusez. -  Would you please pardon me?â /Could you pardon me?Veuillez mexcuser. -  Please (be so kind as to) pardon me.Veuillez vous asseoir. -  Please sit down.Veuillez patienter. -  Please pause. Note that despite the fact that it is recorded in sentence structure books, infrequently will you hear anybody use theâ tuâ form in the objective, as in: Veuilleâ mexcuser. We would state instead, Est-ceâ queâ tuâ veuxâ bienâ mexcuserâ ? Present Imperative (Impratif Prsent) Past Imperative (Impratif Pass) veux/veuillevoulonsvoulez/veuillez aie vouluayons vouluayez voulu Vouloir in the Participle Mood As you become increasingly familiar with French, its a smart thought to contemplate and see how to utilize the molecule dispositions for action words. Sinceâ vouloirâ is such a typical action word, youll positively need to examine its utilization in these structures. Present Participle (Participe Prã ©sent):â voulant Past Participle (Participe Passã ©):â voulu/ayant voulu Immaculate Participle (Participe P.C.): ayant voulu​ Vouloir-isms There are a few eccentricities about usingâ vouloirâ that you ought to be comfortable with. Whenâ vouloirâ is followed legitimately by an infinitive, there is no compelling reason to include a preposition. For model: Je veux le faire. -  I need to do it.Nous voulons savoir. -  We need to know. Whenâ vouloirâ is usedâ inâ aâ main clauseâ and there isâ another action word in aâ subordinate proviso, that action word ought to be in theâ subjunctive. These are mainlyâ vouloir queâ constructions. For instance: Je veux quil le fasse. -  I need him to do it.Nous voulons que tu le saches.  We need you to know (it). The Many Meanings of Vouloir Vouloir is utilized to mean numerous things in numerous developments and it is regularly found in French expressions. A portion of this gets from its inclination to have an influence in versatileâ idiomatic articulations. Vouloir, cest pouvoir.â (proverb) - Where theres a will, theres a way.ne pas vouloir blesser quelquun -  to not intend to hurt someonene pas vouloir quon se croie obligã © -  to not need somebody to feel obliged Vouloirâ may be utilized as a solid will or order in different settings. Je veux danser avec toi. -  I need to hit the dance floor with you.Voulez-vous parlerâ ? -  Do you wish to speak?Je ne veux pas le faireâ ! -  I dont need to/I wont do it!Je ne veux pas de dessert. -  I dont need any dessert.Il ne veut pas venir.â - He doesnt need to come.vouloir faireâ - to need to dovouloir que quelquun fasse quelque choseâ - to need somebody to do somethingQue veux-tu que je te dise?â - What do you need me to state to you?sans le vouloir -  without importance to, unintentionallyJe lai vexã © sans le vouloir. -  I upset him without importance to. Vouloir bienâ means to be happy to, to be happy to, to be acceptable/sufficiently kind to. Tu veux faire la vaisselle ? - Do you need to do the dishes?Je veux bien - Thats fine. Je veux bien le faire.â - Ill be glad to do it.Elle veut bien lacheter, mais il ne le distribute pas.â - Shes ready to get it, yet hes not selling it.Aidez-moi, si vous voulez bien. -  Help me, on the off chance that you would be so kind. Vouloir direâ translates as to mean.â Journey ce que à §a veut dire?â - What does that mean?Mais enfin, mission ce que à §a veut critical? -  Whats this about then?Que veut desperate volontiers ? -  What does volontiers mean?Volontiers veut critical happily. -  Volontiers implies readily. En vouloir quelquunâ means to resent somebody, to endure someoneâ a resentment, to hold it against somebody. Il men veut de lavoir fait. -  He holds it against

Business,society and policy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business,society and arrangement - Case Study Example This report is concerning the business point of view of Panther Sports, who have re-appropriated the soccer balls producing in Pakistan, and are presently confronted with a moral issue that is putting their business, believability and fortress in the Asian games advertise at jeopardy.Panther Sports, after a decrease in its deals because of expanding monetary weight and constrained assembling plans, chose to follow the case of different organizations in redistributing the assembling market in the creating nations where work concentrated employments are economically done. This would guarantee that the item is made on indistinguishable quality and principles from those made through residential assembling, yet the expense of creation would be significantly cut. Re-appropriating in the Asian nations would likewise make the ways for Asian market to them where they had a decent possibility of building up their fortress. Consequently, they built up their soccer fabricating market in Pakistan , and contracted with Faisal Sports in Sialkot. Be that as it may, in this locale, that is India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, there have been broad instances of kid work. Faisal Sports was found to be engaged with this demonstration, thus Panther Sports ended its agreement with this temporary worker. Given the nature and gravity of this illicit demonstration, Panther Sports is in danger of losing its future shoppers, and its hold in the Asian Market.... of Panther sports in this contention, and proposals can be given to unravel this issue, the business point of view needs to contemplated. This includes talking about the structure and framework of global organizations, their obligations and obligations as set by numerous codes and directions by specialists, the strategies for their activities concerning redistributing in different nations, a gander at the partners hypothesis and the dangers that Panther Sports runs. Business associations and organizations are seen as autonomous elements and virtual residents of a state. These associations are held free of their staff, furthermore, subsequently, the staff, on any level, won't be charged of any wrongdoing if the association neglects to satisfy its obligations or damages any implicit rules. The association itself will confront the results, and the proprietors themselves won't be considered mindful. While the organizations are not qualified for settle each issue looked by the networks wherein they have their plants, they are requested to ensure that any issues made as an immediate or roundabout impact of the organization, regardless of whether essential or optional, be fathomed by that organization, and that their business systems don't abuse the standards of business morals and the standard set guidelines (Freeman 2002). At the point when organizations re-appropriate their assembling business in different nations, they, however as yet holding the privilege to the name and mark of the organization, don't own the production lines and ventures privately set

7 Stress Management Techniques for Students

7 Stress Management Techniques for Students Stress Wont be Your Enemy Any Longer When You Read These Tips Stress Wont be Your Enemy Any Longer When You Read These Tips A survey of Canadian students, reported on by the Toronto Star, found that 89% of them said they were completely overwhelmed with everything they have to do. That’s why it’s more important than ever to develop effective stress management techniques that will help you get through your busy student life. Don’t Let Stress Win With These 7 Easy Stress Management Techniques The better you can manage your stress, the easier it’ll get to stay on track and get ahead in all of your courses and activities. You’ll be happier, you can relax a bit more, and, most important of all, you get to start having fun! 1. Try Some Breathing Techniques Meditation and other breathing practices can help you de-stress because they switch the focus to your breathing, not what’s on your mind. All of your attention goes to what is happening in the very present moment, not what assignment is due and what time you have a student council meeting at. 2. Get More Exercise It might sound pretty cliche, but exercise is really good for your mind and your body. By taking some physical action when you’re stressed, you’re helping your muscles to become less tense. In turn, your body calms down and you release endorphins that make you feel better. 3. Listen to Music Make a playlist of soothing, calming songs that you love and keep it on hand when you’re feeling overwhelmed. Music has a way of soothing the soul and it will help you to feel better, at least for a short period of time. 4. Try Aromatherapy There’s a reason people are always shown in bathtubs, surrounded by scented candles, who are so relaxed thaty they are falling asleep. It’s because aromatherapy has a calming effect. Use some essential oils in a diffuser, or even just some scented candles, and take in those healing scents to detox your mind. 5. Spend Time Outside It’s no secret that being outside in nature does wonders for your stress levels. Breathing in the fresh air, taking in the natural sounds around you, and viewing the great outdoors can calm you down, lower your heart rate, and ease your mind. Even if you don’t have time to go for a walk in the park, at least go outside for a few minutes to sniff at the air. 6. Cut Back on the Caffeine If you’re constantly stressing out, you might be a victim of over-caffeination. Now, we’re not saying that caffeine isn’t healthy in itself, because it is in moderate doses. Monitor your caffeine intake and try to reduce it if it’s getting to be too much. You’ll be able to rest easier, feel more relaxed, and your sleep patterns will likely benefit as well. 7. Don’t Hold Your Feelings in A lot of us go through really busy and stressful times holding in our feelings and emotions and trying to make the outside world think that we’re okay. However, this is unhealthy and can result in even more stress on the heart and the mind. If you’re struggling, let someone know instead of trying to hide it, and you’ll see you’ll become less stressed over time. Each of our academic writers has been in your shoes and understands that, sometimes, we all need a bit of help. That’s why we offer a wide range of academic writing services, tutoring, and more. Our services are high-quality, professional, and delivered to you with the guarantee that everything is 100% custom-written just for you. Now that’s a stress-free situation! References: Winsa, P. (2013, June 17). National survey of post-secondary students in Canada shows stress and anxiety are major factors in mental health. Retrieved from 7 Stress Management Techniques for Students Stress Wont be Your Enemy Any Longer When You Read These Tips Stress Wont be Your Enemy Any Longer When You Read These Tips A survey of Canadian students, reported on by the Toronto Star, found that 89% of them said they were completely overwhelmed with everything they have to do. That’s why it’s more important than ever to develop effective stress management techniques that will help you get through your busy student life. Don’t Let Stress Win With These 7 Easy Stress Management Techniques The better you can manage your stress, the easier it’ll get to stay on track and get ahead in all of your courses and activities. You’ll be happier, you can relax a bit more, and, most important of all, you get to start having fun! 1. Try Some Breathing Techniques Meditation and other breathing practices can help you de-stress because they switch the focus to your breathing, not what’s on your mind. All of your attention goes to what is happening in the very present moment, not what assignment is due and what time you have a student council meeting at. 2. Get More Exercise It might sound pretty cliche, but exercise is really good for your mind and your body. By taking some physical action when you’re stressed, you’re helping your muscles to become less tense. In turn, your body calms down and you release endorphins that make you feel better. 3. Listen to Music Make a playlist of soothing, calming songs that you love and keep it on hand when you’re feeling overwhelmed. Music has a way of soothing the soul and it will help you to feel better, at least for a short period of time. 4. Try Aromatherapy There’s a reason people are always shown in bathtubs, surrounded by scented candles, who are so relaxed thaty they are falling asleep. It’s because aromatherapy has a calming effect. Use some essential oils in a diffuser, or even just some scented candles, and take in those healing scents to detox your mind. 5. Spend Time Outside It’s no secret that being outside in nature does wonders for your stress levels. Breathing in the fresh air, taking in the natural sounds around you, and viewing the great outdoors can calm you down, lower your heart rate, and ease your mind. Even if you don’t have time to go for a walk in the park, at least go outside for a few minutes to sniff at the air. 6. Cut Back on the Caffeine If you’re constantly stressing out, you might be a victim of over-caffeination. Now, we’re not saying that caffeine isn’t healthy in itself, because it is in moderate doses. Monitor your caffeine intake and try to reduce it if it’s getting to be too much. You’ll be able to rest easier, feel more relaxed, and your sleep patterns will likely benefit as well. 7. Don’t Hold Your Feelings in A lot of us go through really busy and stressful times holding in our feelings and emotions and trying to make the outside world think that we’re okay. However, this is unhealthy and can result in even more stress on the heart and the mind. If you’re struggling, let someone know instead of trying to hide it, and you’ll see you’ll become less stressed over time. Each of our academic writers has been in your shoes and understands that, sometimes, we all need a bit of help. That’s why we offer a wide range of academic writing services, tutoring, and more. Our services are high-quality, professional, and delivered to you with the guarantee that everything is 100% custom-written just for you. Now that’s a stress-free situation! References: Winsa, P. (2013, June 17). National survey of post-secondary students in Canada shows stress and anxiety are major factors in mental health. Retrieved from

Concept of Volleyball - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2271 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/04/02 Category Sports Essay Level High school Tags: Volleyball Essay Did you like this example? Sports fill the nation with diehard fans and hours of television screen times for many people daily. For some sports though there are many rules, regulations, and dynamics behind the game. For instance, volleyball is a game many are fans of, but many who have never seen a match or have a head of volleyball alone may find the game confusing. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Concept of Volleyball" essay for you Create order Through the decades volleyball is a sport that has changed drastically. Changing the concepts of ruling and regulations of the game. Rules for high school matches versus club matches. The dynamics of getting the perfect pass or mastering that serves to ace the opponent. All in all, volleyball is commonly known as the most underrated and unappreciated sport of our generation. Having this mindset diminishes the key concepts of volleyball. The idea of the game with the equipment, terms, fundamentals and the rules of the game. The idea of volleyball begins with two teams with six players on each side. The players use their hands to take a ball back and forth over a regulated high net. The ball must touch the court within the opponents playing area before it can be returned. To prevent this a player on the opposing team gets the ball up and toward a teammate, before it touches the court surface†that teammate may then volley it back across the net or guide it to a third teammate who volleys it across the net. A team is allowed only three touches of the ball at a minimum before it must be returned over the net to the other team. A touch is regulated as any physical contact with the ball. Rather it is with the players hand, or head a touch is a touch. There are ruling with touching the ball also. For instance, if a player contacts the ball trying to catch it and throw it back up this would be ruled as a lift. In this instance, the call by the ref would be made and the ball and point would be given to the other team. Volleyball requires a minimum of equipment and space and can be played indoors or outdoors. The game is played on a smooth-surfaced court, divided by a center line into two equal areas, one of which is selected by or assigned to each of the two teams. Players may not step completely beyond the center line while the ball is in play. A tightly stretched net is placed across the court exactly above the middle of the center line. The height of the net and the antennas are all regulated to correctly admit to the age of the players. A ball must pass over the net entirely between the antennae. In this sport, there are allowed 6 players on each side at a time. Normally, you would have your libero, setters, hitters, and back ro w players. Volleyball has three common terms used when having the ball getting at most three touches on it before it is sent back over to the opposing team. Volleyball has changed into a very specialized sport. Many teams will include in their starting line-up a setter, two center blockers, two receiver-hitters, and a universal spiker. Only certain players will be involved with service reception. Players will also have specialist positions for attack and defense. Substitutions are allowed during the game. Since 1998, volleyball has been using a new scoring system. Teams scored a point on every rally, meaning a rally point system. Regardless of which team served. Formerly, a team could only win a point if it served the ball. Winning the serve back from the opposition was known as a side-out. Matches are played best of five sets. The first four sets are played to 25 points, with the final set being played to 15 points. A team must win a set by two points. There is no ceiling, so a set continues until one of the teams gains a two-point advantage. Previously, all sets were to 15 points, with the first four sets having a ceiling of 17 and the final set requiring at least a two-point winning advantage (fivb.org). First, there is a pass. When a player passes a ball, their forearms are straight and at a 90-degree angle from their body. Their hands are either in a cuffed fist or flat prayer hands common terms used for the positioning of the players hands for passing. Many believe that the best way for passing is staying low at a 90-degree angle that can have the passes at a neutral position that makes it easier to contact the ball. The best passers seem to move backward, absorbing the ball on their arms allowing for more control passing. Also, the way the players body is positioned during a pass is very important too. The angle of their forearms has positioned the speed of the ball, and the position of their feet. These three concepts depend on the angle and the height of the ball being passed to the setter. In the end, making the setters job easier. Libero is most commonly the best passer on a team. They are the player who wears the different colored jersey indicating special subs or rotations that wouldnt normally be allowed with a normal colored jersey. The liberos base or home for plays is normally on the far left side of the 10-foot line. There they are expected to dig balls from the right side, middle or outside hitters to keep the ball in play. Liberos are most commonly the most agile and quickest on their feet. Liberos are known for picking up balls that are far above their head or to diving from their base to the 10-foot line to keep the ball in play. Most commonly if the setter happens to take the first ball the libero is expected to take the second contact to set up the hitter for an attack. The libero always must keep their head on a swivel. Being a libero though has many regulations. They can only serve once, they must substitute behind the 10-foot line, they cannot pass the 10-foot line on an attack and they cannot set a ball that is in front of the 10-foot line either. Along with the Libero, there are also the back-row players. These are the ones who are most likely designated for passing and getting the ball to the setter and making it easier for the setter to get the ball to the hitters. These three contacts or less make it difficult for the other team to receive or try to get up. Back row players are commonly forgotten when a great hit or set came to be. There wouldnt have been a rally in the first place. Most back row players are loud and agile and wanting to get to every ball and making it known who has the ball. For instance, when a back-row player is going to become in contact with the ball most players say mine. Indicating that they are going to contact the ball and having others ready for the next contact. Not only does the back row come with fundamentals it is very important to always have their head on a swivel. If the setter messes up the ball, they try their best to better the ball and get it over. Also, when a hitter is going to conta ct the ball the back-row player can communicate to them where to hit it. The line is straight down the court vertically, or cross hitting the ball diagonally. Other key terms for indicating to the hitter to hit but seeing how important it is for the back-row player to fully communicate. Next, is setting. Wide hands and fingers are placed above the eye level and forehead level of the player. Using both their arms and legs, the player pushes the ball with both of their hands at the same time to set the ball. The setter is commonly the captain of the team meaning they oversee the plays and keeping the rest of the players in line. Setters must know the lineup and certain rotations and communicating shots and certain tactics to get a point for their team. The setters need to beat the ball to the spot and being ready to anticipation the location of the pass. Also, be ready to move from their base in case of a miss pass or miss communication between the passers and get in position to set. The setters are the one who is to set up the hitters for their attacks. Setters must have good hands and eye-hand coordination for getting the balls from the passers and to the hitters for an attack. Being a setter is a very important task. They oversee telling their hitters what they are hitting or what plays they are running. For example, is the outside going to hit a fast set, known as a 4, or are they going to come in hitting a higher ball in the middle, known as a 2? Setters oversee also communicating with not only their hitters but their back-row players also. They need to communicate to them that they need a higher pass or a tighter pass to the net to keep them on. With all the accountabilities of a setter, there are many advantages too. Setters contact the ball 95% of the time. They are most likely the teams captain or all-around player depending on their atheism and accountability. Lastly, the most common term is hitting. While hitting one either does the standing approach or the jumping approach. Either way, the player starts out with their hands in front of their body in an almost runners position. As the ball is set up and realized from the setters hand, they would take their dominant hand behind their head at another 90-degree angle and use the other hand as a glider of the ball. Now, with a jumping approach, as the set ball hits its peak, you would start the approach. As a dominant right-handed person, one would start with their left foot stepping forward, then right and then jump on their left to contact the ball. Withstanding or jump hitting, one would contact the ball with the center of their palm as fast as they could sending the ball across the end. All in all, in getting three contacts. Bump, set, spike or pas s, set, hit. Hitters are the teams key assets normally to finishing a rally. They are the ones with will most likely send the ball over with an aggressive attack on the other team. Having three hitters in the front row is the most common way to play. Hitting starts out with a strong hand and forearm, high vertical, and strong finish. When hitting one must start with their hand above their head at a 90-degree angle facing upward. After this, the ball is tossed to the hitter. When contact is made the ball should touch the palm of their hand with their fingers spread out. Once contact is made, the player needs to follow through. What this means is that the players hand and forearm should swing all the way through to where the hand should be facing downward, and having the ball go over the net at a fast and hard speed. The concept of hitting comes along with a term called blocking. This is when a hitter on the other side of the attacker is jumping up to interfere with the attackers hit. Blocking is an action that a player or players close to the net to intercept the ball coming from the opponent by reaching higher than the top of the net (theartofcoachingvolleyball.com). Only front-row players are allowed to complete a block. A block is completed whenever the ball is touched by a blocker. A collective block is acted by two or three players close to each other. In blocking, the player may place their hands and arms anywhere above the net, provided that this action does not interfere with the opponents hit or the net. Now if the player does touch the net or interferes with the pursuit of the players hit the ref will blow their whistle and give the point to the attacking team. All the terms and uses of volleyball can get confusing, but there are limitations and regulations as well. Each team may request a maximum of two time-outs and six substitutions per set. The request for time-outs or substitutions must be made after the play has ended. A coach is not allowed to sub or ask for a time-out mid-play. A team is not allowed to make multiple requests for substitution during the same interruption (theartofcoachingvolleyball.com). Two or more players can be substituted at the same time within the same request. Regular game interruptions may be requested by the coach, or in the absence of the coach, by the game captain, and only by them. Substitution before the start of a set is permitted and should be recorded as a regular substitution in that set. The ideas of volleyball along with the equipment, terms, fundamentals and the rules of the game, it shows many how a sport has so much more than what meets the eye. For example, finding more facts that people havent heard or even seen before. Volleyball is not only a physical but mental sport as well. With all the skills and teamwork, a certain team can have. A truly good team has a connection and c ommitment to the sport many seem to push away. Works Cited 35th FIVB Congress 2016. Official Volleyball Rules 2017-2020. FIVB-Vo

Does Religion Cause Wars Free Essays

There is a conventional belief among many individuals that religion is the main cause of the present and past wars inflicting torment within the world. However, many humans fail to see past that belief; they are unable to understand that religion is just a small factor amongst the many contributing to the cause of wars. In fact, religion is merely a tool and an excuse used to hide the need for power and sins of the human nature. We will write a custom essay sample on Does Religion Cause Wars? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Among these factors, it may be the misinterpretation of religious teachings and the differing ideals of many individuals. Unfortunately, these factors are often overlooked as most people view this issue with a simplistic mindset. The idea of religion is often able to bring peace and harmony within the world. In saying this though, religion may be twisted and exploited by individuals for either economic or political reasons, mostly with the blind ambition for power and control. Such people have used religion as a tool and an excuse in order to achieve their own personal desires. This is apparent with the previous Iraqi president, Saddam Hussein. The Iraqi president had aimed to persuade the Jihadists to start a holy war against the United States and British forces, who were seeking to dismiss him for his position. Saddam Hussein had publicly voiced his call toward the Jihadists in an Iraqi state television, where he encouraged them through his statement, â€Å"jihad is a duty in confronting them†¦ Those who are martyred will be rewarded in heaven. Seize the opportunity, my brothers† (Saddam Hussein). It is evident; however, that Saddam Hussein did not really view the war he intended to begin as a religious war. Instead he planned to use religion as an excuse for his own political gains, which was to maintain his position as president of Iraq. In conclusion, religion is not the sole reason of the previous and present wars within the world, it is also the people themselves who exploit and twist religion itself. Many individuals often find it difficult to give religion a precise definition. It is within their ability to understand the concept of religion yet are unable to provide an accurate definition of the word. Therefore, many may have their own interpretations of what religion truly is. This notion is similar to how individuals may have varying views in regards to the religious teachings of their religion. Sadly, in some cases, people may actually misinterpret the teachings of their religion, which can often lead to disastrous outcomes. Such consequences are evident with the infamous belief of ‘Jihad’. The concept of Jihad means â€Å"holy war† or â€Å"the holy struggle†. It also teaches that there shall be no use of violence â€Å"except in the case of defensive wars, wars which are waged to punish a tyrant, or those which are meant to uphold freedom† (Concept of Jihad, pg 2). Unfortunately, there are others who misunderstand the concept of Jihad and instead believe it to be complete submission to Allah, which further means they are â€Å"prepared to die (martyrdom) in the course of this submission†. Such cases usually result in terrorism and suicide bombings, where individuals believe that by forcing others into their religion, by death, will please Allah. The most known example of these occurrences is the September 11 suicide bombings where approximately two planes crashed into the twin towers in New York, USA. This event was not necessarily a war but was instead an attack part of the already ongoing war between the United States and the Islamic, terrorist group, Al-Qaeda. From this event it is evident that the members of Al-Qaeda had misinterpreted the concept of Jihad and instead violated the religion by using violence for unnecessary reasons. It can be concluded that even though religion may play a role in the cause of wars, it is not necessarily the only factor to blame but also the misinterpretation of the religious teachings of religions. It is not solely religion itself that spur the gruesome wars that have occurred throughout history, but also the varying ideals of the religious worshipers. Unfortunately, in some cases there is a chance that the ideals of certain individuals may have a larger influence on them than their own religious beliefs. Such terms are often confused with each other; however, there is a prominent difference between the two. Beliefs are set in stone already, statements or truths that humans have decided to place their confidence in. On the other hand, ideals are personal concepts of perfection; they have no boundaries unlike beliefs. When the ideals of humans have a larger power over them, the results often have a high chance of becoming cataclysmic. Such results are evident within Nazi Germany during the Second World War, after the 1930s. Germany had been under the dictatorship of a tyrant known as Adolf Hitler. Hitler was infamously known for his cruelty and mass murder towards the Jews in Germany at that time. His reason for his actions was that by protecting himself against the Jews, he was â€Å"defending the handiwork of God† (Mein Kampf, pg 60). Despite his religious reason, he had a deeper hatred towards the Jews and desired an ideal world, where there was only a majority of pure descendants of the â€Å"Aryan† race. The Aryan race involved humans with certain features such as blonde hair and blue eyes. Hitler believed that the Jews were contaminating his ideal race as they offered the â€Å"most striking contrast to the Aryan† (Mein Kampf, pg 259), thus leading to his revulsion towards the Jews. It is unmistakable that the beliefs of Hitler were not the only cause of his actions but also his extreme ideals, which had lead to the carnage he had incited. Therefore, it is not only religion itself that cause wars but also the differing ideals of humans. Religion is often unfairly blamed as the direct cause of wars throughout the world. It is often used as a scapegoat as many people cannot look past that simplistic view. Many individuals have never considered the possibilities of other factors contributing to such wars. A few of these factors are the exploitation of religion for the personal gains of individuals, the misinterpretation of religious teachings and the differing ideals of many humans. From these factors, it is evident that it is not just religion itself that causes the wars, but the people themselves also who actually wage these atrocities. Adolf Hitler (1998). Mein Kampf. United States: Houghton Mifflin Company PDF file viewed at – http://www. greatwar. nl/books/meinkampf/meinkampf. pdf Last accessed 26/2/12 A. Ezzati. 1986). The Concept Of Martyrdom In Islam . Available: http://www. al-islam. org/al-serat/concept-ezzati. htm. Last accessed 26/2/12. Coel Hellier. (2011). Nazi racial ideology was religious, creationist and opposed to Darwinism. Available: http://coelsblog. wordpress. com/2011/11/08/nazi-racial-ideology-was-religious-creationist-and-opposed-to-darwinism/#sec5. Last accessed 26/2/12. Dr. John Kelsay. (1999). THE RETURN OF THE RELIGIOUS WAR . Available: http://rinr. fsu. edu/fallwinter99/features/religiouswar. tml. Last accessed 26/2/12. Hadrat Mirza Gulam Ahmad. (1995). Jihad. The true Islamic concept. Available: http://www. alislam. org/library/articles/Jihad-Brochure. pdf. Last accessed 26/2/12 Jim Lehrer. (2003). Saddam Hussein Calls for Jihad. Available: http://www. pbs. org/newshour/extra/features/jan-june03/saddam_4-1. html. Last accessed 26/2/12 M. Amir Ali. (Unknown). Islam, Jihad, and Terrorism. Available: http://www. aboutjihad. com/terrorism/islam_jihad_terrorism. php. Last accessed 26/2/12. How to cite Does Religion Cause Wars?, Essay examples

Dengue Fever free essay sample

In these locations, the dengue fever arbovirus is endemic, meaning that the virus naturally and consistently lives in that location. The disease only shows up in the United States sporadically. In order to understand how dengue fever is transmitted, several terms need to be defined. The word host means an animal (including a human) that can be infected with a particular disease. The word vector means an organism that can carry a particular disease-causing agent (like a virus or bacteria) without actually developing the disease. The vector can then pass the virus or bacteria on to a new host. Many of the common illnesses in the United States (including the common cold, many viral causes of diarrhea, and influenza or flu) are spread because the viruses that cause these illness can be passed directly from person to person. However, dengue fever cannot be passed directly from one infected person to another. We will write a custom essay sample on Dengue Fever or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Instead, the virus responsible for dengue fever requires an intermediate vector, a mosquito, that carries the virus from one host to another. The mosquito that carries the arbovirus responsible for dengue fever is the same type of mosquito that can transmit other diseases, including yellow fever. This mosquito is called Aedes egypti. The most common victims are children younger than 10 years of age. Dengue fever can occur when a mosquito carrying the arbovirus bites a human, passing the virus on to the new host. Once in the body, the virus travels to various glands where it multiplies. The virus can then enter the bloodstream. The presence of the virus within the blood vessels, especially those feeding the skin, causes changes to these blood vessels. The vessels swell and leak. The spleen and lymph nodes become enlarged, and patches of liver tissue die. A process called disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) occurs, where chemicals responsible for clotting are used up and lead to a risk of severe bleeding (hemorrhage). After the virus has been transmitted to the human host, a period of incubation occurs. During this time (lasting about five to eight days) the virus multiplies. Symptoms of the disease appear suddenly and include high fever, chills, headache, eye pain, red eyes, enlarged lymph nodes, a red flush to the face, lower back pain, extreme weakness, and severe aches in the legs and joints. This initial period of illness lasts about two or three days. After this time, the fever drops rapidly and the patient sweats heavily. After about a day of feeling relatively well, the patients temperature increases again, although not as much as the first time. A rash of small red bumps begins on the arms and legs, spreading to the chest, abdomen, and back. It rarely affects the face. The palms of the hands and the soles of the feet become swollen and turn bright red. The characteristic combination of fever, rash, and headache are called the dengue triad. Most people recover fully from dengue fever, although weakness and fatigue may last for several weeks. Once a person has been infected with dengue fever, his or her immune system keeps producing cells that prevent reinfection for about a year. More severe illness may occur in some people. These people may be experiencing dengue fever for the first time. However, in some cases a person may have already had dengue fever at one time, recovered, and then is reinfected with the virus. In these cases, the first infection teaches the immune system to recognize the presence of the arbovirus. When the immune cells encounter the virus during later infections, the immune system over-reacts. These types of illnesses, called dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS), involve more severe symptoms. Fever and headache are the first symptoms, but the other initial symptoms of dengue fever are absent. The patient develops a cough, followed by the appearance of small purplish spots (petechiae) on the skin. These petechiae are areas where blood is leaking out of the vessels. Large bruised areas appear as the bleeding worsens and abdominal pain may be severe. The patient may begin to vomit a substance that looks like coffee grounds. This is actually a sign of bleeding into the stomach. As the blood vessels become more damaged, they leak more and continue to increase in diameter (dilate), causing a decrease in blood flow to all tissues of the body. This state of low blood flow is called shock. Shock can result in damage to the bodys organs (especially the heart and kidneys) because low blood flow deprives them of oxygen. Diagnosis should be suspected in endemic areas whenever a high fever goes on for two to seven days, especially if accompanied by a bleeding tendency. Symptoms of shock should suggest the progression of the disease to DSS. The arbovirus causing dengue fever is one of the few types of arbovirus that can be isolated from the serum of the blood. The serum is the fluid in which blood cells are suspended. Serum can be tested because the phase in which the virus travels throughout the bloodstream is longer in dengue fever than in other arboviral infections. A number of tests are used to look for reactions between the patients serum and laboratory-produced antibodies. Antibodies are special cells that recognize the markers (or antigens) present on invading organisms. During these tests, antibodies are added to a sample of the patients serum. Healthcare workers then look for reactions that would only occur if viral antigens were present in that serum. There is no treatment available to shorten the course of dengue fever, DHF, or DSS. Medications can be given to lower the fever and to decrease the pain of muscle aches and headaches. Fluids are given through a needle in a vein to prevent dehydration. Blood transfusions may be necessary if severe hemorrhaging occurs. Oxygen should be administered to patients in shock. Prevention of dengue fever means decreasing the mosquito population. Any sources of standing water (buckets, vases, etc. ) where the mosquitoes can breed must be eliminated. Mosquito repellant is recommended for those areas where dengue fever is endemic. To help break the cycle of transmission, sick patients should be placed in bed nets so that mosquitoes cannot bite them and become arboviral vectors.

Composed upon Westminster Bridge Essay Example

Composed upon Westminster Bridge Paper William Wordsworth was part of the Romantic movement. This usually involved using plain language, unlike most poetry at the time, and addressing liberal political issues to do with the suffering of poor agricultural workers. He often celebrated nature, and wrote about landscapes. He believed in the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings being expressed in poetry. Wordsworths poems, including this one, use the Petrachan form, made up of an octave, rhyming: a;b;b;a;a;b;b;a, and a sestet, rhyming c;d;c;d;c;d. The sonnet describes something very beautiful, which seems to be a city. It may contain suggestions about society. Because the city is man-made, it may suggest that man is capable of making very beautiful things; possibly even more so than nature. It may, though mean, that people are not like this, because the city is only made beautiful by the sun and the morning. The octave seems to just be a simple description of a beautiful, physical thing. We are strongly made to believe that this is a city, because Wordsworth calls it this city, and the tile contains Westminster Bridge. We will write a custom essay sample on Composed upon Westminster Bridge specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Composed upon Westminster Bridge specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Composed upon Westminster Bridge specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It seems to be about how it is made beautiful by the morning. The reader is made to think this because Wordsworth mentions the beauty of the morning, and Early morning is written in brackets under the title, as an alternative title. The language used in the octave is not at all difficult to understand. The way the form separates the sonnet into two parts is used here, to create a separate easy-to-understand introduction. The sestet is more difficult to understand. It uses much more metaphorical language to describe the subject of the sonnet. The sestet still seems to be describing beauty, because Wordsworth uses images of beauty, such as more beautifully steep. Wordsworth seems to be implying that the city in the morning is more beautiful than natural things such as a rock. The reader thinks this because Wordsworth writes that the sun did never beautifully steep valley, rock, or hill. One of the main ideas of the sestet is about the calm of the morning. Wordsworth suggests this in many ways, such as mentioning: a calm so deep, glideth and lying still. The calm is created because everyone is asleep in the early morning, and he expresses how he feels that everything is asleep by claiming that the very houses seem asleep. The sonnet form is used to create a section, which elaborates on the first, after the theme has been introduced. Shakespeare and Wordsworth have shown how the power of the form can create deep, fluent ideas that have been remembered for hundreds of years, without the minimum amount of words, and that it can completely change the face of a poem to reflect the thoughts of a completely different style, of a completely different person, of a completely different mind. Composed upon Westminster Bridge Essay Example Composed upon Westminster Bridge Paper William Wordsworth (1770-1850) wrote the poem entitled Composed upon Westminster Bridge on 3rd September 1802 after his first visit to London in July of the same year. Along with his sister Dorothy he passed through London on his way to France to visit his former lover (and mother to his daughter Caroline) Annette Vallon, prior to his marriage to Mary Hutchinson. Due to his impending marriage to Mary and his subsequent visit to France, it may be read that perhaps Wordsworths emotions were high as he and his sister passed over Westminster Bridge by coach on their way to Dover for the crossing to Calais. This impression of Wordsworths lifted spirits is felt in the tone of the poem, which shows London infused with light, a beating heart of freedom, reaching out to the four corners of the civilised world and pulsing with life. He shows the city as an impression, not necessarily of what he actually sees, but as a reflection of the natural beauty of the summers day, iridescent in the brilliance of the morning light. We will write a custom essay sample on Composed upon Westminster Bridge specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Composed upon Westminster Bridge specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Composed upon Westminster Bridge specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However, Dorothys journal (from which we glean an insight into Wordsworths earlier poetry) notes that in September 1802 their return home through London from France took place late in the evening, on a misty day when they could see nothing. Wordsworth may have used Dorothys earlier entry in July to inspire this composition which he subsequently dated September 1802. It is generally agreed that he must have confused his dates; but it may also be suggested that during his visit to the capital in July, or on his return journey from seeing both his child and former lover, his spirits were high, as this sonnet is surely a dedication to the glory of nature, reflected in the beauty of a summers morning. His first sighting of London must have been enriched by what he saw on Westminster Bridge that day, in order for him to be inspired to compose such a soulful eulogy to the mighty heart of the city, all bright and glittering in the smokeless air. It may even show his present sense of the divine manifestation of Gods handy-work in the creation of that morning. What Wordsworth does convey in the poem is a London of light, life and liberty; and it is these three elements of the poem that shall be looked at. There are two good references to light (and cleanliness) in the poem. One of the most striking of these is in line 8 All bright and glittering in the smokeless air. This is a reference to the ships, towers, domes and temples in line 6, which lie / Open unto the fields, and to the sky. By referring to the bright and glittering smokeless air, Wordsworth gives us an image of a crisp, clear morning in summer; where the early morning sunlight bathes the towers, domes and temples on either side of the Thames; and upon the ships themselves that may have been seen to dance upon the reflected sunlight from the river itself. Imaginatively, he impresses a morning of beauty and purity, with the clear, intense light that you can only get on a summers morning even in a city. By this, it is as though he were witnessing Gods work itself in the new day before him. The second sense of light we get in the poem is shown in the lines Never did sun more beautifully steep / In his first splendour, valley rock or hill. Here, Wordsworth is portraying the light of the sun soaking the city landscape (perhaps in antiquity, before the city were even there); or as purely as it would seep into a landscape more natural- that of the very valleys, rocks and hills mentioned. Wordsworths reference to his first splendour is that of the sun personified; and perhaps he is comparing his sight of London on this morning with the suns first rays bathing the natural landscape on the very first morning of creation. It is with this personification of the sun as his (amongst others) that Wordsworth conveys a London of life in the poem. By his reference to the suns rays as his first splendour, he is lending the sense that the sun is a person, and alive. Wordsworth uses personification in this way at other times in the poem, all with a will to breathe life into his words. Notably, The river glideth at his own sweet will and The city doth, like a garment wear, and also All that mighty heart is lying still. Here, the personification of the river and of the city gives the impression of them being alive. The line This city now doth, like a garment wear portrays the city as a living being, wearing The beauty of the morning as though it were a garment. Also, in the line The river glideth at his own sweet will, we are left with an imagery of a river flowing liberally, wherever it wishes to, not constrained by the city or its own banks, but freely roaming, with a will of its own. The line And all that mighty heart is lying still gives a strong conveyance of the beating heart of the living city, or the pulsing heart of commerce and trade, and the paths of freedom reaching out to the far flung shores of the world. It may be felt that this line gives an impression where all Wordsworth sees and mentions in the poem seems alive, has a mighty heart that beats to its own rhythm of life. One other personification Wordsworth uses, be it not as great as the other examples given, is in line 13 Dear God! The very houses seem asleep. The reference to the houses sleeping is an impression of the actual bricks and mortar appearing to be asleep on this morning- just as its inhabitants may well have been. Other ways the poem conveys life is through the lines Open unto the fields, and to the sky, and valley, rock or hill, a clear reference to nature. Wordsworth uses a number of similar references to the natural world in this poem, notably: river, sun, fields, sky, valley, rock, hill and Earth. Through these, the reader has a sense of the natural within Wordsworths vision of London: an impression of life. By Wordsworth referring to the Ships, towers, domes and temples (in line 6) being Open unto the fields, and to the sky (in line 7), he is giving an idea that the buildings and man made structures of the city, as they are being highlighted by the light of the summers morning, bear a resemblance to the more natural elements of tree, wood and rock. An open field, or an open sky, holds an abundance of natural life. It is this idea that Wordsworth is trying to communicate: Earth has not anything to show more fair; than the sight of London, filled with life, on this morning. By referring it to the natural world, he is imbuing life into his vision. Another way life is portrayed in the poem is through the use of alliteration, especially of the /t/ sound. For example in And all that mighty heart is lying still, the tempo of the line gives the impression of a beating heart through regular emphasis of the /t/ sound. Throughout this line of ten syllables, five of the syllables are emphasised by the /t/ sound, which highlights the rhythm of the line. Liberty, freedom and non restraint are represented in a number of lines in the poem, not least the previously mentioned The river glideth at his own sweet will and Open unto the fields, and to the sky. Both lines (as shown) convey life through personification, but they both also strongly represent the idea of liberty. In the first line, the reader is left with an imagery of a meandering river winding its way through green meadows, lined with willow edged banks. A scene of the open country, not one of the constrained city. In the second line, liberty is conveyed through the impression of an open vista of fields, stretching into the hazed distance and meeting the immensity of the sky. By using words to convey an imagery of liberty, Wordsworth infuses the spirit of freedom into his words. The use of sibilance in this line and in line 11 Neer saw I, never felt, a calm so deep! / The river glideth at his own sweet will; shows the use of sibilance (underlined), the repetitions of the /s/ sound, to convey a sense of liberty. This is why Wordsworth uses the pronoun his not her, which is the traditional reference to rivers and water. By using sibilance, Wordsworths words flow and are not restricted; the sound of the s moves the words along freely. Other sounds Wordsworth uses, such as the soft phoneme /l/ sound, as well as the /s/ sound mentioned, convey a liberty of spirit within the poem. Examples of the soft /l/ phoneme sound are in line 4 and 5: This City now doth, like a garment, wear / the beauty of the morning, silent, bare, Also, All bright and glittering, in the smokeless air. And hill, will and still at the ends of lines 10, 12 and 14, respectively. In fact, the entire structure of the poem as a fourteen line sonnet allows the words, sound and meaning to flow freely throughout. The iambic pentameter of the poem gives an ordered rhythm and repeated sound which flows through the poem. This conveys a sense of freedom as the sound moves from one line to the next, ebbing and flowing like a river. This also allows the sound of the poem, when read aloud, to impress an imagined babbling brook; conjuring numerous words which can be used to describe the sound of the poem from airy, gentle, soft, flowing and calm. One other element Wordsworth uses to convey a London of liberty is the use of enjambment, where the punctuation used allows the poem to be read in a flowing manner. The reader continues from one line to the next, with no pause, which gives a sense of fluidity and movement. Other ways Wordsworth uses sound to convey light, life and liberty are in his use of polysyllables throughout the poem. Examples of these are beautifully, majesty, splendour and glideth. By using polysyllables, Wordsworth is using the sound of these words to match the required 10 syllables for each line in order to produce the fourteen line sonnet; but, the words used are important as they can also convey life, light and liberty. Wordsworth also uses long sounding vowel sounds, such as the /i:/ of sleep, deep and majesty; the /i:/ and /u:/ of be auty and be autiful; the /e / of air and fair and the / / of clear. He also uses /aI/ in glideth. It is through the use of assonance of these long vowel sounds that Wordsworth also portrays, light, life and, most of all, liberty in his poem. The assonance draws the reader onward and gives a quiet, calm, gentle and flowing sound to the overall composition. Wordsworths poem Composed Upon Westminster Bridge praises the coexistence between nature and civilization, and conveys dramatically, and sometimes subtly, to the reader a London of light, life and liberty. He does this through a number of means: imagery of words or phrases; use of assonance and soft phoneme sounds; enjambment, by allowing the poem to flow freely; personification of the sun, river and city itself; the sound and the rhythm of the poem; alliteration and the use of sibilance to encourage the rhythm and sound of the poem to freely flow. By these means, Composed Upon Westminster Bridge clearly conveys a London imbued with light, life and liberty.

SHC 23 L01 Assessment 2015 Essay

SHC 23 L01 Assessment 2015 Essay SHC 23 L01 Assessment 2015 Essay Level 2 Certificate for the children and young people’s workforce SHC 23 Introduction to equality and inclusion in health, social care or children’s and young people’s settings ASSESSMENT BOOK Name of Student CACHE PIN CACHE Level 2/3 Certificate/Diploma for the Children and Young People’s Workforce Learner Achievement Log Record of Assessment Cycle Purpose: an on-going record of planning and feedback between Assessor and learner Learner Name CACHE PIN Unique Learner Number Assessor Name Planned Activities: Unit Assessment Criteria LO1 Understand the importance of diversity equality and inclusion. Explain what is meant by Diversity Equality Inclusion discrimination Describe ways in which discrimination may deliberately or inadvertently occur in the work setting Explain how practices that support equality and inclusion reduce the likelihood of discrimination. SHC 33 1.1 1.2 1.3 Due Date Assessor Initial & Date Learner Initial & Date Feedback: Date Assessor Initial & Date Learner Initial & Date SHC 33 Promoting equality and inclusion Task 1 criteria 1.1 Explain briefly what is meant by the terms equality, diversity, inclusion and Discrimination. Write your answers in the boxes below, using examples in practice to support your answers. Diversity Diversity concept means each individual is unique and recognize our individual differences, these can be along the dimension of race, ethnicity gender, sexual orientation and even religious beliefs. So it is important to respect every one and accept all of us are different. For example; when we find out English is the second language for a child; we can help her / him with more explanation. Equality Equality basically means access or provision of equal opportunities to everyone regardless of gender, race, ability, age, sexual orientation or religious beliefs. Equality is about making sure people are treated fairly and given fair chances. Equality is not about treating everyone in the same way, but it recognises that their needs are met in different ways. For example; when we have a child on a wheelchair in a setting, we have to assess her/his needs the same as other children, like provide suitable toilet or lift. Inclusion Inclusion is about equal opportunities for all pupils, whatever their age, gender, ethnicity, attainment and background. Children and their families must be fully included in the setting. Working towards inclusion involves striving to remove barriers that may be preventing children and families feeling that they can belong to the setting and participate in it. For example; when we have children from different countries or cultures in a setting we can celebrate their different festivals, in this way all children are included so they don’t feel that they are been left out. Discrimination Discrimination is the unequal treatment of individuals, usually on the basis of gender, race, age, religion or disability. It means one person, or a group of persons, being treated less favourably than another because their race, colour, religion, culture and etc. For examples; a black child is refused entry to the school because of wearing his hairstyle in cornrows. For a number of Afro-Caribbeans for whom cutting their hair and wearing it in cornrows is a matter of their cultural background. Criteria 1.2 Describe ways in which discrimination may deliberately or inadvertently occur in the work setting, giving an example of each Direct Discrimination When you treat someone unfairly or differently just because they belong to a particular group of people, it is called direct discrimination. For example; A school refuses a child ‘application to go to that school because he has a disability and the school does not want any disabled children. A pupil with dyslexia is told she cannot have her teacher ‘lesson notes, and she should take notes during lessons like everyone else. A further

Breastfeeding and Population Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 47

Breastfeeding and Population - Assignment Example The mother also loses the protection against the development of ovarian and breast cancer that breastfeeding can give, in a later life. Most recent studies have illustrated breast and ovarian cancer as the greatest population detriments to the female population. There are a number of strategies, which are used to encourage mothers to breastfeed their children. For example, lactation amenorrhea, which relates to natural post-partum fertility that occurs when a woman is not menstruating, is one of the strategies employed to encourage mothers to breastfeed their newborns. Through this, breastfeeding is regarded as a population control technique where women, in the underdeveloped countries, are considerably advised to breastfeed for six months exclusively, by their government and other non-governmental organizations. Most mothers also have different myths associated with pregnancy especially in the rural settings. For example, breastfeeding cannot be relied upon to prevent pregnancy, which evidently is not the case because various scientific studies and experiments have proven this undoubtedly true. Mothers, therefore, are always advised to breastfeed their children exclusively through certain accurate criteria to give perfect results. In many high-income countries, like Australia, women do not exclusively breastfeed infants for the required period of six months as stipulated by the World Health Organization. In many cases, they tend to prefer an early gradual introduction of other forms of nutrition like the infant formulas due to job pre-occupation hence no time for the baby.

Child Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Child Development - Essay Example The book covers the general theories that explain include development process outlined in relation to the age of a child, the aspects that one has to look closely in child’s development process, the main problems that may be hinder a child’s development, and the required environment to ensure healthy child development process. The booklet will be a worthy companion for all beginners in childcare or child development studies. 2.0 Major Child Development Theories 2.1 Piaget Cognitive Development Theory Jean Piaget was a Swiss theorist who died in 1984. Piaget believed that children’s thinking pass through four systematic separate stages with qualitative changes in each stage (Shaffer & Kipp 2010, 294). According to Piaget a stimulating environment and maturation are the most important aspect in this stage. As the child begins to explore and make connections with the physical world many changes occur in the baby and start to acquire skills and knowledge about their environment. Below are the various stages of a child’s development according to Piaget theory as explained by Shaffer & Kipp (2010, 294). Sensory period (0- 2 years). The child attains significant gains in its thinking as they progress. Children at this stage mostly use motor and physical skills and senses in exploring their worlds, to enhance cognitive development. Pre operation stage 2 to 7 years. Children become less reliant on senses and physical exploration. They become illogical thinkers and have inability to conserve their memory. Concrete Operations 7 to 12 years. Children in this stage develop more elaborate logical thinking, but still need concrete materials to reach a logical conclusion. This explains that children will require blocks while solving math problems. Formal operation (12 years... This report stresses that child development theories explain that a child’s development has to be holistic, which calls for attention in all aspects of a child’s growth and development. A child has to develop mentally, intellectually, emotionally, cognitively, spiritually, physically, and any other attributes that make them whole and healthy. The family setting and the society are the single most important schools for children. The author of the paper declares that the child struggles to put in place their thoughts, they achieve better learning and development and develop increased confidence levels compared to those supported by their instructors. Piaget in his child development theory illustrates factors that have to be observed in ensuring a holistic child development. This paper makes a conclusion that Children learn first from their parents and the pope around them before interacting with the outer worlds, implying their future life depends on their immediate family and the concepts learned. To ensure an effective learning process, there is need to put in place effective measurement approaches that would portray the progress of a child in their holistic development at home and at school. This would indicate the learning progress of each child and help in identifying children requiring special attention. Therefore, a child’s learning process is essential in impacting the required skills, morals, values and qualities that guarantee a better life in future.

Lean Management Solve Bank Dhofar Proplems Information Technology Essay

Lean Management Solve Bank Dhofar Proplems Information Technology Essay Number of Banks and financial institution in the word and spicily in Oman implement such management standard of lean to achieve best business process; going through transition need more of banks secured. That strength comes from, speed of operation activities, reduce the cost, good product and increase customer knowledge. A leading bank in Oman called Bank Dhofar involve in many IT activities and steps to improve customer satisfaction. Report will go through the finding and gives recommendations. Key words: ATM Automatic Teller Machine SDM Smart Deposit Machine HSP High Payment Systems WISAL- One of Call Center service- customer inquires ISO International Organization for Standardization IT Information Technology EMV Europay / MasterCard/ Visa 1.0 Introduction Bank Dhofar is moving forward to offer many services effectively. Excellent service may not achieve or reach unless bank successfully implements such activities to provide the quality in best way of Bank service offered. To satisfying Bank customer through providing high service it will improved the out come in productivity side and will increase Operation value. It is hard to achieve this delivery of services because it request basic background in the organization. On the same hand Bank Dhofar need to offer fast, best and high quality services more to their customers. It needs to be reliable when such services lunch because it needs to succeed the organization. ISO 9001 has defined the service as leaning activities (Noor Aida Idris. 2008). Bank Dhofar is offering many kind of service to his customer and prefers the IT channel. TI services are high technology of Bank process, tool and information offered by Bank to their staff as well as customers. Focusing on profitability is the main objective for any commercial organization such as Bank dhofer to achieve maximum profits and improve shareholder return. Globule banks specially the large of them believes that if e-banking delivery channel such as ATMs, SMS banking, internet, deposit machines (CDM) and call center if deployed in good manner will deliver to reduce the cost of operation activates which tend to enhance the bank profitability. According to Nsouli Schaechter (2002) in 1996 a survey published by Booz-Allen Hamiltoan addressed e-banking come out with the estimated cost of daily transitions in united state of full branch service is 1.07 US dollar per transaction, while telephone banking cost 54 cent, ATM 27 cent and internet banking 1.5 cent. Forester (2003) has come out with research cover most largest bank in Europe state that the cost of any simple transaction that branch teller made is more costly by 14 times if we comber it with online transaction cost. This rese arch found that if customer made transaction in bank branch will cost them about 1 dollar cumbering with 60 cent if he made it through telephone call, while using the same transaction online will reduce it to 0.02 cent. Moreover improving e-channel will develop customer relationship by providing 24/7 online excess of banking services on time and whenever he need. E-banking has direct benefit and indirect. Direct benefit through reducing operation cost, overhead cost, faster transactions, less work loading, reduce customer waiting queues and allow staff more free time which may used for marketing purpose. Here are some good examples of Bank Dhofar e-banking channels 2.0 ATM Bank Dhofar is increasing dependent on use of information technology (IT) in carrying out business operations. The management of IT function has become very critical (Okunoye et al, 2007) due to implementation of IT based banking and ATM system as rapid use of advanced communication net work for connecting multiple location across the country. The latest of last century was the age of processing engineering (D.Dilijonas D. Zavrid, 2008). The growing dependence on technology for managing business also exposes the organization to substantial IT security risks. 2.1 Before ATM ATM is net work Technology offer high speed (T.Pham, 1998). Before ATM invented all commercial Banks and spicily Bank Dhofar were facing allot of difficulty those problems brought a headache to all Bank staff spicily cashier when salaries has been credited in customers accounts a long queue of customer stretching in front of cashier window waiting for their salaries and they feel uncomfortable with Bank services. Also cahier in trouble he/ she should work faster than he could which made him makes mistakes, this mistakes either shortages or access, it need a lot of time to discover it and some time cashier pay that deference. Some time customer need to know their account balance, have statement or small inquire about their account situation they should reach the Bank or any branches. In the same time if customer needs an urgent liquidity when Bank close, there is no way to have it and this problem become bigger if the next day is holyday, which may make a big loss to that customer. But after ATM is coming up every thing has change to good a lot of problems disappear and customer served will, cost reduced, quality of service improved and money reachable for 24 hours / 7 days a week only it need to insert your ATM cards. 2.2 Objectives The ATMs and SDMs play an important role in the Banks retail and corporate banking strategy by: Providing a 24 hours / 365 days a year (S.Yoshizawa J.Makiwo, 2001) automate service comprising cash deposits withdrawal, cheque deposits, utility bill payment, credit card payment, transfer of funds, mini statement, cheque request, etc. Reliving pressure at the cash counters and ensuring that all transitions are processed online, real time so no further back end processing is required. Reducing the risk of forged currency notes being deposited, since SDMs are programmed to detect counterfeit notes. Enabling the Bank to protect both its retail and corporate customer base. Offering customer the convenience of choice of locations from which they can carry out their basic banking activities. Displaying to the public a progressive image of the Bank. Although set up primarily to provide a vital customer service, cost effectiveness of ATMs and SDMs improves progressively in proportion to their utilization. The aim must therefore be: To make every personal accountholder a debit cardholder and, To direct all corporate customer to the CDMs for their cash / cheque deposit. 2.3 Challenges One of the most challenges that effect ATMs as will as CDMs is security. The global problem of ATMs / CDMs fraud is constantly evolving word wide, while the industry is trying to battle in all fronts. Fraudsters have been innovative and evolve new techniques starting from a simple card trapping, cash swap to sophisticated techniques like skimming, card trapping, cash tapping etc. and brute force attacks. Fraudsters have been moving to markets which are considered less non-EMV or non-CHIP markets. The card associations, ATM Vendors, financial institution all have been working together to combat this fraud. By taking a few measures Bank Dhofar could do a bit in combating this menace and improve customer confidence in the popular ATMs / CDMs channel. 3.0 HPS Power Card 3.1 Introduction One of the main things that Bank Dhofar is trying to achieve is improving the existing product and this we can find it clear when Bank Dhofar introduce the Power Card. Power Card is an ATM Switch and Debit Management System supplied by High Tech Payment Systems (HPS), Morocco. It will replace the existing legacy system call Sparrow from CR2. Power CARD can be accessed using Internet Explorer. It will be initially accessible Card Center, Operation Department, Call Centre, Retail Banking, IT and branches. 3.2 What are the primary objectives of this project and implementation? Improving customer service at Card / Call Center, improved operations and MIS such as SMS alerts for ATM customers, new services like EMV acquiring, EMV issuing, Balance Enquiry on international ATMs outside GCC, enabling of debit cards on Internet, security and compliance with International Payment Network mandates. The new system is already certified for EMV (Europay / MasterCard/Visa) which would enable Bank Dhofar to issue CHIP based debit card and also accept CHIP based international VISA Card on our ATMs. A Debit / Credit Cared is a bank card used to make electronic withdrawal of cash through Automated Teller Machines (ATM) or pay for goods and services at point-of sales terminal or on the world- Wide web (internet) or obtain cash advances from ATM, up to- agreed credit limits. 4.0 New Call Center Service WISAL The field of relation design has increased its concentrate to know how systems of technology-based products are implemented (Forlizzi, J. 2007). Life become fast and Bank Dhofar focus on that by offer new service that helps his customers to reach the Bank and finish his need on faster way, so they introduce new service all Wisal. Wisal is a toll free service offered by Bank Dhofar Call Center it allows the customer to contact Call Center using special identification number to request some services It is a latest offering comes in line with the banks strategy to move closer to its clients and provide convenient, fast and customer friendly services. WISAL is backed by state of the technology to enable it to become an efficient and effective touch point and deliver channel. The staffs of WISAL are highly trained to deliver the kind of quality services that hopefully will help bank to gain more customers and retain existing ones. WISAL Services will include: General Inquiries Loan Inquiries Chaque Book Request Product Service Information Credit Card Balance Other Related Inquiries Complaint Handling Resolution Money Transfer ATM Transaction Inquires And moreà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. 5.0 Internet Banking Bank Dhofar is one of a leading banks in Oman that introduce Internet banking to reduce the transaction cost and improve customers satisfaction, where there is combined relationship between customer and internet banking affecting the bank achievement. Bank Dhofar and other banks in Oman introduce internet banking to fulfill customers different requests specially when technology allow that aiming to enhance customer satisfaction, attracting those new customers and bring back existing ones. Majority of world banks and local especially in Oman like bank Dhofar are provide their customers by variety internet free service in order to promote the customer to transfer to electronic method rather than using the traditional one. In 2002 a research on Internet bankers shone that 37% of online banking services directive to 18 % of European peoples. Research also expected the number will reach the double bringing new generation of self services while such research was absent in my country. Bank Dhofar online services have design to satisfy customers by offering Varity of services like:- Paying utility bills Order cheque book Have account statement Check the balance account Check payment and receiving See the bank product Recently, bank dhofar tend to educate his customers by deploying his staff across Oman to satisfy them and meet bank expectation. 6.0 Self Service Module of Helps Desk The bank has installed IT Help Desk Software in the IT division (ITD) to track and control the software, ATM, Network and hardware related support request received by IT Department from branches and head office departments. This will further improve the quality of service from ITD to IT users in the bank. The IT Help Desk system is an internal software application used to track all support calls / request received by ITD in a centralized, searchable database for easy reference by IT staff, enabling quick resolution to issues and simplifying the tracking of issues. The staff branches and head office will be able to input their support call / requests using Web based system. As the request is input by the user staff, the system generate a work order history for future reference. 7.0 Finding Many financial institution may facing some technical problems in designing new systems or product that enhance operation activities but Bank Dhofar has achieve good performance in introducing new IT technology to serve his customer very will, offer new and chosen product and concentrate on IT Technology aiming to provide better service, reduce the cost, improve productivities and satisfied the customers. As a branch manager with 14 years in banking sector I observed that e-channel especially like ATM has played most important role to improved customer satisfaction, display e-banking knowledge and develop customer attitude from banking services. Recently customer has improved his knowledge about bank product and services through understanding the important of e-channel and how it make easy of banking transaction to save customer time meanwhile, bank dhofar has deployed ATM and other e-channel in Oman to satisfied itself through reducing bank expenses on transaction and satisfied his customer by reduce waiting time in branches. 8.0 Conclusion Report has focused on Bank Dhofar experience in implementing the successful of one operation management aspect Lean Management and how it solve many operational problem which lead to enhance the Bank productivity and achieve customer satisfactions. 9.0 Recommendation One of good thing that Bank Dhofar planned to achieve is introduce new IT technology to maximize the benefits and meet new business challenges, this true but during this investigation I find that Bank Dhofar still need to focus on the technology of this century Like using internet banking to provide faster communication that enhances Bank success. Because its the latest technology that occupied the country last deceit and number of using internet is expanded daily.

Sociology and Anticipatory Socialization

Dayana’s Group Case Study The Church Search 1. ) How have Marsha’s experiences so far represented aspects of the anticipatory socialization process? Is it also possible to consider anticipatory socialization from the point of view of the church searching for a new pastor? What does anticipatory socialization look like from the organization’s point of view? * There are a couple experiences Marsha went through so far that represent aspects of the anticipatory socialization process.The first is when she is in her living room reading through the profiles of churches, when she stubbles upon Nancy’s church she knew their values and mission matched her commitments. That’s where she got a general idea of Nancy’s congregation. Secondly when Nancy and Marsha meet up at the restaurant, is where Marsha would get a real good feel of the organization through what Nancy is discussing.With Nancy arriving with a long step process of things to do it shows Mars ha how enthusiastic the church is and gives Marsha a good idea of what it would be like to work as a pastor there before actually starting. * Yes, it is possible to consider anticipatory socialization through the point of view of the church. By the search committee reading the pastors’ profile of past, values, goals, strengths, and etc. they can get a good idea of who would make a good fit for their organization. The anticipatory socialization looks at the prospected employee just as she looks at the church. The organization looks at their resumes and interview processes to get a general idea of what kind of person and worker the employee might be before their start with the organization. 2. ) During the weekend ahead, what questions should Marsha anticipate during the interview process? What questions should she ask? What are the various functions that the interview will serve for both Marsha and the congregation? Some questions Marsha should be anticipating during the inter view process are questions about her personality, how motivated she is toward the occupation, and communication skills. Here is where the organization can get a glimpse of the work quality of the prospective employee. * Some questions Marsha should ask are questions to dig a little deeper into the organization where she can get a general since of what it would be to work as the pastor for Nancy’s church. Probably asking overt questions to get direct answers about her concerns or curiosities. The interview will benefit both parties in the way that they will both gain more knowledge of each other. Marsha and the congregation will get asked questions and get to ask questions where they will gain more knowledge of each other’s values, goals, ambitions, motivation, personality, environment, and socialization. With more information learned from one another they can determine if the match with benefit each party. 3. ) Assuming that Marsha eventually takes on the role of pasto r with this church, what should she anticipate during her first few months in her new role?Are there steps that she can take before and after moving to Michigan to ease her transition? Are there steps the congregation can take to help her â€Å"makes sense† of life in the new church? * Marsha should anticipate her superiors giving her different tasks, to learn about her skills and motivation to help her find her role. Then it will continue on to making her roll through exchange resources with superiors to develop her role definitions. * In the metamorphosis phase is the final stage of socialization where there might be job transfers which might entitle a new location.She should keep high communication with her supervisor and coworkers to help ease the transition experience. * There are no specific steps to help her â€Å"make sense† of the new church but Marsha can use the newcomer information-seeking tactics and the church be supportive with her questioning. With the congregation helping Marsha with here questions and concerns she can get into routine where she starts to feel as an insider. 4. ) A pastor’s role is one in which the â€Å"supervisor† could be seen as the congregation.How could the leader-member exchange model be adapted to account for these kinds of organizational positions? * The role routinization phase there would be a little adaptation to the in-group stage for organizational positions like a pastor. The in-group would be characterized by high trust where the congregation has trust for on another. High influence due to â€Å"what the people want† with the majority of superiority through the people of the congregation, might lead to an out numbering with decisions.Mutual rewards, high rewards coming from morality with having the ability to spread the â€Å"word of god†, and the community itself and the low rewards would come from the church isn’t built to turn a profit. High support with the a mount of people who are members of a congregation there would be a lot of support with the pastor to make sure things go as planned and smooth. Latitude in task development where everyone would most likely all have the same outlook, goals, and pace of development for the church.

Participant’s development Essay

With this model in mind, the author of this essay, who represented the coach in the coaching session, will consider back to the session and reflect what planning had to be involved and why, and what was intended and included.  The author of this essay is herself a passionate Badminton player, exercising regularly for the University and a local team. From her own experience in these teams, she knew that many players struggle with the tactical positioning in this sport, particularly in the doubles’ game. Tactical positioning is a crucial element to succeed in Badminton (Grice, 1996). For this reason, the coach had chosen the following aim for the session: raising awareness of tactical positioning in the doubles’ game of Badminton, therefore the objective was accurate defensive and attacking positioning. To achieve these aims and objectives, the author invited four players, two men and two women, from the above mentioned teams to take part in the Badminton session (see Appendix 1). The participant’s level of play can be stated as advanced, hence gender was not showing a significant impact on the later performed exercises and match situation. According to training guidelines stated by Martens (1997), the participants had to be and were able to match necessary requirements of the conducted training program, which included knowledge of specific skills and shots like ‘the ready position’, footwork, drop shot, smash etc..  The 45 minute lasting session itself consisted of four parts: a brief introduction, a 10 minute warm-up, a 28 minute long main part and a short cool down. The intention of the introduction was to give the participants a concise overview of the session’s aims and objectives aswell as informing about potential hazards and dangers. The sports hall policy about appropriate sports wear and shoes was already mentioned in the invite (see Appendix 1). ‘To produce the safest environment possible for the athletes and the coach’ (Martens, 1997), further essential risk management, within the introduction, included the explanation of emergency exits and the procedure of raising the alarm and informing the University Security Office through the Emergency telephone. The coach herself had identified, evaluated and made herself familiar with potential risks and dangers as well as appropriate behaviour in case of an emergency by a pre-session risk management through inspecting the venue a day before the actual session. Before the start of the session, the floor was examined to avoid injuries caused by potential trip hazards like whol es or dirt. As stated by Martens (1997), the intention of a warm up is not only preventing respectively reducing the likelihood of potential injuries but to improve the athlete’s performance (Sports Coach – Warm Up and Cool Down). Moderate jogging including ballistic stretching of specific arm and leg muscles was used to raise blood circulation and the respiratory rate as well as increasing the body temperature (Martens, 1997; Sports Coach – Warm Up and Cool Down), followed by more specific Badminton movements including side walks and side steps (Grice, 1996). To progress on, the next warm-up exercise included movement on court, simulating game play without a shuttle. This is called shadow Badminton and allowed the participants to perform key elements of Badminton like positioning to the ‘central position’ (CP), accurate footwork and performing different shots. All six key positions of the court had to be reached in a specific order within timed 30 seconds (see diagram 1). After a following 30 second break to regain stamina, the exercise was modified to a more realistic game play by giving the athlete the choice of which position to chose. A further 30 second break was followed by the last shuttle and included a realistic game play with a free order of positions to reach, this time with increased speed. Along with Givemefootball – The professional footballers association, this ghosting exercise showed full characteristics of ballistic stretching: specific and related movements as well as increased effort to prevent muscle stiffness and muscle injury (Sports Coach – Warm Up and Cool Down). To conclude this Badminton specific warm-up, Grice (1997) suggests 5 minutes of gentle knocking with a shuttle. This was performed by the participants, including all possible Badminton shots like Clear, Drop, Drive, Smash and net play. The main part consisted of 2 appropriate exercises to achieve the session’s objectives as well as implementing newly acquired skills into a realistic match of doubles. Exercise 1 was training the defensive positioning and allowed one pair to play against the other, attacking couple. Due to the advanced level of play of the participants, the coach could assume that basic skills and knowledge of defence as well as attacking positioning were existent. The new main idea introduced now was, that the defending player had to follow his/her long line shot to the side including the partners movement to the middle line maintaining the basic concept of being level with the partner. A cross court shot resulted in following the defender to the middle line, the partner to the side line (see diagram 2). Moving according to one’s own shot will allow the defending pair to quickly respond to the opponents’ attacks. If the defender plays a long line shot and follows to the sideline, a long line attacking smash can quickly enough be responded by another defensive shot. If the opponents play a cross attacking shot like a drop, the defender’s partner at the middle line will still have enough time to reach this shot as a cross shot will take more time to reach the corner. Hence it is to advise hardly ever to play a cross attacking shot in Badminton as this will allow the defending opponents to quickly enough place themselves into the appropriate defending position and possibly even counter attack the shot. The positions of player A and B as well as the positions C and D were changed within the exercise to guarantee experiencing both the left and the right, respectively the front and the back side. After 5 minutes the couples changed playing from defence to attack and vice versa. Exercise 2 intended to empower an attacking couple to perform the rotation system while attacking. The coach, assisted by player C ‘feeding’ the coach with shuttles, provided a rally of 20 shuttles played into the key positions shown on diagram 3. The positions were targeted in order from 1 to 8. Starting position for attacking player A is shown on the diagram 3 as well as the position for Player B. Player D was first observing, then helping to pick up the shuttles on the ground. Key elements of this exercise included ‘being in line’ with the partner though positions changed. Therefore the coach used the racket as demonstration material, the head of it representing the attacker at the net and the grip the attacker at the back. By rotating the racket like the players had to rotate on court, it was made visible that rotation includes the partner’s movement according to one’s own movement (see diagram 3). To provide a realistic game situation, the coach had to quickly target all key positions as the doubles’ game is a fast game requiring quick movements (Grice, 1996). The following 5 minutes lasting doubles’ match gave the opportunity to implement the newly acquired skills.  A contingency plan was not needed as all exercise could have been performed even though one respectively two participants wouldn’t have arrived. Then the coach would have played in their positions respectively played as a single attacker in exercise 1, however making it more difficult to observe the progression of each participant’s development. To conclude the session, a brief cool down was conducted allowing the body to return to normal pace, reducing its temperature and to remove lactic acid build up during the vigorous exercises (Grice, 1996; Sports Coach – Warm Up and Cool Down). Gentle jogging as well as a static stretching was performed. According to Sports Coach – Warm Up and Cool down, a static stretching should be preferred within a cool down compared to a ballistic stretching in the warm up, as this will increase the range of movement as well as helping to relax the muscles. When planning a coaching session, it is important to identify resources (Ewles and Simnett, 1999). Within this case, the coach was given the opportunity to use the University sports hall as well as their posts and nets. Two courts to perform the warm up and exercises were needed. Each participant was advised to bring his/her own racket(s), shuttles were provided by the coach (see Appendix 1). A stopwatch, to ensure accurate timing and time management of the session, which is important according to Martens (1997), was borrowed from the technicians room in Ramsden’s building one day in advance.